How to Repair Timber Windows
Timber windows can be an attractive feature of a home. However, with the passage of time and exposure to extreme weather conditions, they could begin to degrade.
Instead of replacing the window frames, it's more beneficial to do repairs. This will save money and help the home keep its original look.
Repairing rotten wood
Wooden window frames are constantly exposed to the elements and are among of the first components of a home that show signs of damage and damp. Fortunately, rotten wood can be repaired and addressed quickly. It is crucial to recognize the problem and address it as soon as possible. In the absence of action, the problem could worsen.
It is crucial to first determine the extent of the rot and then determine if it can be salvaged. Start by conducting a thorough external inspection, looking for damaged roof tiles, slates and blocked rain gutters and defective damp-proof course (DPC). It's also a good idea to check the inside of the home, including cellars and basements and joist ends that are non-cavity walls.
When you've identified the affected area decay, it is crucial to eliminate the decayed wood as quickly as you can. This will minimize the extent of damage and allow you to finish the rest of the repair work. Next, use a clawed hammer or pry bar to take out as much wood that is rotting as feasible. This can be a bit difficult, but by inserting the clawed end of the pry bar into the corner and rubbing it against the healthy board you should be able to generate enough leverage to break the old timber free.
When you are removing the decayed timber, ensure that you leave a gap between the two. This will stop moisture from entering and causing further damage to the timbers in the gap. To reduce the chance of leaks and damage, it's worth removing any debris and nails from the affected area.
Epoxy or wood filler can be used to repair the remaining boards after removing the decayed wood. This is a simple and relatively cheap solution for repair of wood rot on windows made of timber, and can be easily sanded, then painted to match the frame.
If the severity of the decay is extensive, however, it may be more economical to replace the entire frame by a new one, particularly if you're looking for a long-term solution that will stop further water penetration. It is also advisable to contact an expert wood window repair service to see what options are available to you.
Splicing or scarfing in
Timber windows are a great choice for older homes and listed buildings, but they can also be used in new construction. They are more expensive than uPVC however, they offer long-term benefits and add value to your home.
They can be manufactured in any size and are durable. They are also simple to retrofit and provide excellent thermal performance. They require periodic maintenance, especially painting.
There are two main categories of timber: hardwoods and softwoods. Hardwoods originate from broad-leafed deciduous trees and have a very complex cellular structure, which gives them good dimensions stability. Softwoods, on the other hand are coniferous or needle-leafed trees. They have a simpler cell structure.
Traditional timber frame structural joints were formed by mortice and Tenons or comb joints. These joints are pinned or nailed in place and are not bonded using adhesive. Water can easily pass between the timber sections, causing rot or staining. Poor workmanship could be an important factor. For instance fixings that are exposed or inadequately punched in can cause moisture to enter the frame. This can cause rust stains and water deposits on the window board if it is allowed to happen.
Replacing existing timber sash windows with uPVC is usually not an option, especially for listed and historic structures, since they compromise the integrity of the building. Additionally, uPVC windows have a short lifespan and end up as landfill.
Modern timbers, such as Accoya or Red Grandis, are treated with a special treatment to make them resistant to the elements and pests. If properly maintained and painted these windows can give years of service. They can also be fitted with burglar proof glass which increases the force needed to open the windows and makes them harder to smash.
Although replacing timber sash with uPVC is initially less expensive, it is not an ideal choice for period or listed properties, as this will ruin the integrity and breach planning permission. uPVC is also draughty and will last a limited time before it has to be replaced.
Filling cracks and splinters
If you take care of your wood windows, they can last for a long time. They can enhance the look of a structure, add decorative elements, and serve their primary purpose, which is to keep the property dry and warm. Like all things, they are susceptible to wear and tear. It is essential to take care of them and restored when they are damaged.
Wood decay is the most frequent problem that can be found in timber windows and it's more than a case of replacing rotten parts. When a frame is damaged by rot, it could be extremely difficult to repair. It is important to inspect your timber windows frequently, particularly before winter. They are susceptible to being damaged by freezing temperatures and pounding rain.
If a window is removed, it's worth making notes of the frame's condition and identifying any areas that are severely damaged. This can help save time and money in the long run because it makes the repair process much easier. It can also reduce the expense of replacing a whole window.
If you want to replace a damaged part of a window made of timber, it is always better to scarf in or splice an entirely new piece of wood that is seasoned rather than attempting to repair the existing one. This can be done by either cutting the damaged area at least 5cm beyond the point of rot, or by taking the entire sash off and splicing in a new one.
The final step is to treat the timber with an appropriate preservative. This will stop moisture from getting into the wood, which could cause it to decay and weaken the structure of the frame. If you don't plan to treat your windows, it's vital that you paint them on a regular basis to ensure they are in good condition.
The majority of windows made of wood can be repaired with a handy DIYer. However, if the sashes or internal linings are broken it may be necessary to remove the window to rebuild them. One of the more tricky problems to fix is a broken counterbalance rope on double-hung windows as these are only replaced by taking the sashes off and disassembling the frame.
Painting
A fresh coat of paint can do wonders for timber windows. It can make them appear fresh and new however, it can also help keep them window repairs in good condition by covering any signs of rot and other issues. Before you begin painting however, ensure that the wood is completely dry. This is vital, as moisture can cause wet rot. Utilize a wood moisture meter to determine if you're not sure. Even when the wood feels and looks dry, moisture could be present. It is essential to know how to tell the presence of wet rot.
Before you start painting, it is a good idea to clean the entire frame with a soft damp cloth to remove any grease or oil marks. This will make sure that you don't smear the dirt around and can make cleaning much easier. If you have window handles, it is important to take them off and set them away. This will allow you to work with the frames without having to worry about breaking the glass.
Apply a thin layer of primer with a dry, clean brush when you are ready. This will give your surface a little more depth, and also prepare it for the final coat of paint. Dry it and then lightly sand it using fine sandpaper for smoothness.
The first coat of paint is applied. Paint in a thin, even layer. Once the paint has dried, sand the surface once more before applying the second coat.
Repeat this process until your window is the color and finish you want. Be aware that you might need to repaint timber windows approximately every 6-10 years depending on their location and the amount of sun they get. Regular maintenance is the best way to ensure your timber windows appear and function to their best for as long as you are able to.